Serious infringement of personal information in China can result in criminal penalties.

China has adopted a series of laws, rules, and regulations to regulate the collection, use, and other processing of personal information. Namely, the Personal Information Protection Law (‘PIPL’) effective from 1 November 2021 governs personal information usage and disclosure in China.

Recently, the Supreme People’s Court issued Guiding Cases No. 35 (No. 35) on 28 December 2022 to provide clarity for criminal prosecutions. No. 35 defines criminal violations related to […]