In China, the Cybersecurity Law of the People’s Republic of China (‘CSL’) effective on 11 June 2017 sets the legal foundations for networks and information handling. Under CSL, the principle legal basis is established to regulate digital security and guide relevant bodies to adopt rules and regulations. Today, the legal framework for cyber, data and…
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In the era of Big Data and the Internet of Everything (IoE), users are increasingly attentive to how companies are collecting personal information. Confidential personal information such as mobile numbers and personal ID are increasingly requested to activate numerous daily life functions, for instance, SMS authentication code for website or app registration or login. Additionally,…
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Adopted revised Anti-Monopoly Law of the People’s Republic in China (‘AML’). Effective from 1 August 2022, the revised AML adapts to the current China’s economic landscape. And strengthens competition compliance and enforcement. Since the first AML was enacted 15 years ago (effective from 1 August 2008), the international and domestic economy has dramatically changed. In…
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